Once the plant was stacked in kilos, his father sold the harvest to other suppliers in Culiacán and Guamúchil. [12][16] He escaped prior to formal sentencing in 2015, through a tunnel under his jail cell. [181], On 20 January 2015, Guzmán requested another injunction through his lawyer Andrés Granados Flores to prevent his extradition to the U.S.[182] His defense argued that if he were to be extradited and judged in a foreign court, his constitutional rights expressed in Articles 1, 14, 16, 17, 18 and 20 of the Constitution of Mexico would be violated. Inside the Mercury Grand Marquis was the cardinal and archbishop of Guadalajara Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo, who died at the scene from fourteen gunshot wounds. [260] Opening arguments began Tuesday 13 November,[261] and closing arguments took place on 31 January 2019. ", "The Game y Skrillex acaban de lanzar una canción dedicada al Chapo", "No sólo corridos, 'El Chapo' también tiene su hip hop", "Univision, Netflix 'El Chapo' Series Sets April Premiere", "The story of "El Chapo" comes to Univision", "Univision Launches 'El Chapo Ilimitado' -- First Live After-Show for New Series 'El Chapo, "Joaquin 'El Chapo' Guzman, Sinaloa Cartel Leader, Convicted of Running a Continuing Criminal Enterprise and Other Drug-Related Charges", Cartel: The Coming Invasion of Mexico's Drug Wars, El Narco: Inside Mexico's Criminal Insurgency, Manhunt of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán (2001–2014), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joaquín_%22El_Chapo%22_Guzmán&oldid=1007263902, People extradited from Mexico to the United States, People sanctioned under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act, Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government, Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by the United States federal government, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with dead external links from September 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected biographies of living people, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Murder, money laundering, drug trafficking, racketeering, organized crime. [47][48] This power shift gave the Mexican organized crime groups more leverage over their Central American and South American counterparts. [4][15] He bribed prison guards and escaped from a federal maximum-security prison in 2001. [173], On 16 July 2014, Guzmán reportedly helped organize a five-day hunger strike in the prison in cooperation with inmate and former drug lord Edgar Valdez Villarreal (alias "La Barbie"). He had three unnamed older brothers who reportedly died of natural causes when he was very young. He cultivated his own ties to China, Thailand and India to import the necessary precursor chemicals. He had been tried and sentenced inside the federal prison on the outskirts of Almoloya de Juárez, Mexico State. Guzmán had dozens of properties in various parts of the country. [15] Guzmán allegedly had the prison guards on his payroll, smuggled contraband into the prison and received preferential treatment from the staff. In the mid-1980s, Guzmán married once more, to Griselda López Pérez, with whom he had four more children: Édgar, Joaquín Jr., Ovidio, and Griselda Guadalupe. [33] With few opportunities for employment in his hometown, he turned to the cultivation of opium poppy, a common practice among local residents. El equipo que representa a la UNAM es uno de los grandes y RÉCORD te trae la mejor información de Pumas, sus estadísticas y calendario. In this meeting, they discussed killing Rodolfo Carrillo Fuentes, who was in charge of the Juárez Cartel at the time. [80][81] On 9 June 1993, Guzmán was arrested by the Guatemalan Army at a hotel near Tapachula, close to the Guatemala–Mexico border. [185] Murillo Karam said that the Mexican government would process the request when they deemed it appropriate. The tunnel was 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in) tall and 75 cm (30 in) in width. With this act, Guzmán was the first to break the nonaggression "pact" the major cartels had agreed to, setting in motion the fighting between cartels for drug routes that has claimed more than 60,000 lives since December 2006. [78] During his travel, Mexican and Guatemalan authorities were tracking his movements. [163][164] Guzmán was initially granted an injunction preventing immediate extradition to the United States. [244][251][252], On 19 January 2017, Guzmán was extradited to the U.S. to face the charges and turned over to the custody of HSI and DEA agents. In 2013, the Chicago Crime Commission named Guzmán "Public Enemy Number One" for the influence of his criminal network in Chicago (however, there is no evidence Guzmán has ever visited the city). Joaquín Guzmán López y Ovidio Guzmán López fueron acusados en un caso en Washington. This fact meant no additional money was needed for airplanes, pilots, boats and bribes; they used the existing infrastructure to pipeline the new product. It was equipped with artificial light, air ducts, and high-quality construction materials. [237] Osorio Chong then announced the capture to the diplomats by reading the President's tweet which resulted in applause and chants of Viva México, Viva el Presidente Peña and Viva las Fuerzas Armadas (Long live Mexico, Long live President Peña, Long live our Military Forces). [286] The latter was arrested by the Mexican military in August 2006. [178] In addition, it alleged that he oversaw a drug-trafficking empire that transported multi-ton shipments of narcotics from South America, through Central America and Mexico, and then to the U.S., and that his network was facilitated by corrupt law enforcement and public officials. [116] His elusiveness from law enforcement made him a near-legendary figure in Mexico's narcotics folklore; stories abounded that Guzmán sometimes strolled into restaurants, his bodyguards confiscating peoples' cellphones, he ate his meal, and then left after paying everyone's tab. [15], When Félix Gallardo was arrested, the Tijuana corridor was handed over to the Arellano Félix brothers, Jesús Labra Áviles (alias "El Chuy"), and Javier Caro Payán (alias "El Doctor"), cousin of the former Guadalajara Cartel leader Rafael Caro Quintero. Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera (La Tuna, Sinaloa; 4 de abril de 1957), más conocido como «El Chapo» Guzmán, [5] es un narcotraficante y criminal mexicano, líder del Cártel de Sinaloa hasta su extradición a Estados Unidos en 2017. Guzmán paid a Guatemalan military official US$1.2 million to allow him to hide south of the Mexican border. [45][46] Félix Gallardo was the leading drug baron in Mexico and friend of Juan Ramón Matta-Ballesteros, but his operations were still limited by his counterparts in South America. [15], The police say Guzmán carefully masterminded his escape plan, wielding influence over almost everyone in the prison, including the facility's director, who is now in prison for aiding in the escape. Guzmán and the rest of the Sinaloa Cartel leaders consequently grew angry at the Arellano Félix clan about this. [160][161] Guzmán was alone in his cell, and had one bed, one shower, and a single toilet. [108], This became a key factor influencing the break between the Sinaloa Cartel and the Beltrán Leyva brothers, five brothers who served as Guzmán's top lieutenants, primarily working for the cartel in the northern region of Sinaloa. [150] The Guatemalan President Otto Pérez Molina congratulated the Mexican government for the arrest. López Obrador, or Amlo as most call him, vowed to attack the social roots of crime, offering vocational training to more than 2.3 million disadvantaged young people at … [28] His father was officially a cattle rancher, as were most in the area where he grew up; according to some sources, however, he might also have been a gomero, an opium poppy farmer. One of his other centers of operation, however, was in the border city of Agua Prieta, Sonora, where he coordinated drug trafficking activities more closely. [285], Obied was a brother of Luis Alberto Cano Zepeda (alias "El Blanco")'s, another nephew of Guzmán's who worked as a pilot drug transporter for the Sinaloa cartel. [87] The Beltrán Leyva organization allied with the Gulf Cartel and its hit squad Los Zetas against Sinaloa.[112]. As Francisco Javier was at the Guadalajara International Airport booking his flight to Tijuana, informant tips notified him that Guzmán was at the airport parking lot awaiting a flight to Puerto Vallarta. Guzmán oversaw operations whereby mass cocaine, methamphetamine, marijuana,[9] and heroin were produced, smuggled into, and distributed throughout the United States and Europe, the world's largest users. [35] During harvest season, Guzmán and his brothers hiked the hills of Badiraguato to cut the bud of the poppy. [205][206] Peña Nieto returned to Mexico on 17 July. [273][274], On 1 May 2013, Guzmán's father-in-law, Inés Coronel Barreras, was captured by Mexican authorities in Agua Prieta, Sonora, with no gunfire exchanged. [230] The Mexican Navy said that they found two armored cars, eight assault rifles, including two Barrett M82 sniper rifles, two M16 rifles with grenade launchers and a loaded rocket-propelled grenade launcher. [221], Guzmán had a close call in early October 2015, several days after the meeting with Penn and Kate del Castillo. At a petrol station, Camberos went inside, but when he came back, Guzmán was gone on foot into the night. [275] He was sentenced to five years in a federal prison but released in April 2008, after a Mexican federal judge, Jesús Guadalupe Luna, ruled that there was no proof his cash came from drugs other than that he was a drug lord's son. [127], On 22 February 2014, at around 6:40 AM,[128] Mexican authorities arrested Guzmán at a hotel in a beachfront area in Mazatlán, following an operation by the Mexican Navy, with joint intelligence from the DEA and the U.S. Joaquín Guzmán López, de 34 años, y Ovidio Guzmán López, de 28, conocido como 'El Ratón' o 'Ratón Nuevo', fueron acusados hace un año de conspiración para traficar cocaína, metanfetaminas y marihuana a Estados Unidos entre 2008 y 2018. [189] Guzmán was last seen by security cameras at 20:52 hours near the shower area in his cell. [118] For more than thirteen years, Mexican security forces coordinated many operations to re-arrest him, but their efforts were largely in vain as Guzmán appeared to be steps ahead from his captors. Guzmán was known among drug lords for his longevity and evasion of authorities, assisted by alleged bribes to federal, state and local Mexican officials. "El Chapo Sentenced to Life in U.S. Prison", "Mexico offers $3.8m reward in hunt for escaped drug lord", "Narcotics Rewards Program: Joaquín Guzmán-Loera", "Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator", "5 Things You Didn't Know About El Chapo", "Manipulation, fear, snitches, and a new cell: Behind the scenes as El Chapo goes to trial", "EU: "El Chapo" es el narco más poderoso del mundo", "Where 7 Mexican drug cartels are active within the U.S.", "Powerful Sinaloa cartel's business unlikely to be slowed by arrest of boss 'El Chapo' Guzmán", "World's top drug trafficker arrested in Mexico, U.S. official says", "Joaquin Guzmán Has Become The Biggest Drug Lord Ever", "Drug lord 'El Chapo' Guzmán captured in Mexico", "Mexican drug lord Joaquin 'El Chapo' Guzman escapes jail", "El Chapo, Escaped Drug Lord, Has Been Recaptured, Mexican President Says", "Joaquin 'El Chapo' Guzman Being Extradited to the US", "Mexican drug lord 'El Chapo' begins life term in Colorado 'Supermax' prison", "Narcotics Rewards Program: Joaquin Guzmán-Loera", Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, "How El Chapo Escaped in a Sewer, Naked With His Mistress", "Joaquin Guzmán Loera: Billionaire Drug Lord", "Libre, cumple el 'Chapo' 56 años de edad", "El Chapo was the world's most wanted drug lord. [34] The nearest school to his home was about 60 miles (100 km) away, and he was taught by traveling teachers during his early years. [285] The gunmen, who were reportedly carrying AK-47 rifles, also killed two other guests and left another seriously injured. Initially jailed at Federal Social Readaptation Center No. –), becenevén El Chapo, magyarul a „Köpcös” (mely nevet alacsony, 168 cm-es termete után kapta) mexikói bűnöző, drogbáró, a Sinaloa Cartel nevű nemzetközi bűnszervezet korábbi vezetője. 1. [192] When they reached his cell, Guzmán was gone. Fearing his capture, Guzmán fled to Tonalá, Jalisco, where he reportedly owned a ranch. [217], Mexican actress Kate del Castillo was first approached by Guzmán's lawyers in 2014,[218] after having published an open letter to Guzmán in 2012 in which she expressed her sympathy and requested him to "traffic in love" instead of in drugs; Guzmán reached out again to del Castillo after his 2015 escape,[219][220] and allegedly sought to cooperate with her in making a film about his life. [107] Sinaloa's rival cartels saw their leaders killed and syndicates dismantled by the crackdown, but the Sinaloa gang was relatively unaffected and took over the rival gangs' territories, including the coveted Ciudad Juárez-El Paso corridor, in the wake of the power shifts. In fears of a coup, however, Caro Payán fled to Canada and was later arrested. [191] Out of the 120 employees that were working at the prison that night, eighteen that worked in the area of Guzmán's cell were initially detained for questioning. El Chapo (spanisch für Der Kleine), bürgerlich Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera (* 4. Before he had a chance to speak face-to-face with them, López was killed by Ramón Arellano Félix. These conditions were court-approved and could only be changed if a federal judge decided to amend them. But has his brutal reign finally come to an end? [265][266], Guzmán's family is heavily involved in drug trafficking. [259] The judge agreed to keep jurors anonymous and to have Guzmán transported to and from the courthouse by U.S. [215] Among them is Rosso José Serrano, a decorated officer and one of the masterminds behind the dismantling of the Cali Cartel and Medellín Cartel and Luis Enrique Montenegro, protagonist in the arrests of Miguel and Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela. [12][147][148] In the United States, Attorney General Eric Holder said Guzmán had caused "death and destruction of millions of lives across the globe" and called the arrest "a landmark achievement, and a victory for the citizens of both Mexico and the United States". Marshals and sequestered from the public while in the courthouse. [278][279][280], The U.S. Treasury Department described Salazar as Guzmán's wife, in its sanction against her, and described Guzmán as her husband. The wave of violence spread to other cities such as Guamúchil, Guasave and Mazatlán. [69] Mexico's Attorney General formed a special unit to look into the killings, but the investigation was called off after the unit found that Guzmán had paid off some of the top police officials in Mexico with $10 million, according to police reports and confessions of former police officers. [121][122][123] Guzmán reportedly commanded a sophisticated security circle of at least 300 informants and gunmen resembling the manpower equivalent to those of a head of state. [213], A number of officials were indicted; of these, three were police officers employed within the Division of Intelligence, and another two were employed by CISEN. Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos congratulated Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto for the capture of Guzmán. Their bodies were dumped on the outskirts of the city. He determined that law enforcement's version of the arrest had several irregularities because the Navy did not have a raid warrant when they entered the premises and arrested Guzmán (when he was not the subject matter of the anonymous tip in the first place). [268] Unnamed officials said the woman was the daughter of María Alejandrina Salazar Hernández but did not appear to be a major figure in the cartel. [286] InSight Crime notes that Obied's murder may have been either a retaliation attack by Los Zetas, for Guzmán's incursions into their territory, or a brutal campaign heralding Los Zetas' presence in Sinaloa. The Best FIFA Football Awards 2020™ will take place in Zurich on Thursday 17 December 2020. According to officials, 78 people have been implicated in his escape plan. [87], While he was in prison, Guzmán's drug empire and cartel continued to operate unabated, run by his brother, Arturo Guzmán Loera, known as El Pollo, with Guzmán himself still considered a major international drug trafficker by Mexico and the U.S. even while he was behind bars. [223] After the gunmen returned to the house, placing a large order for tacos at a nearby restaurant and picking up the order in a white van after midnight,[223] the residence was raided in the early hours of 8 January 2016,[228][229] in Operation Black Swan, by 17 marines from the Mexican Navy's Special Forces with support from the Mexican Army and the Federal Police[230][231] – but Guzmán and a lieutenant escaped through a secret tunnel, emerging 1.5 km away and stealing a vehicle at gunpoint. In June 2008, over 128 were killed; in July, 143 were slain. [211][212] At the press conference, the government placed a $60 million MXN bounty (approximately US$3.8 million) for information that leads to Guzmán's arrest. Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera, noto anche con lo pseudonimo di El Chapo o El Rápido (La Tuna, Badiraguato, 4 aprile 1957), è un criminale e signore della droga messicano.Guzmán era il capo di un'organizzazione criminale dedita al traffico internazionale di droga, chiamata cartello di Sinaloa dal suo stato messicano natale in cui ha la propria base di commercio. [167][168], On 5 March 2014, a Mexico City federal court rejected Guzmán's injunction against extradition to the U.S. on the grounds that the U.S. officials had not formally requested his extradition from Mexico. They were also in conflict over the allegiance of the Flores brothers, Margarito and Pedro, leaders of a major, highly lucrative cell in Chicago responsible for distributing over two tons of cocaine every month. [140] He was then flown to Mexico City for formal identification. Este martes 19 de enero se cumplen cuatro años de que Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán Loera, abordó el avión que lo llevó al país donde fue condenado a cadena perpetua. [237] He returned a few moments later with Secretary of National Defense Salvador Cienfuegos Zepeda, Secretary of Navy Vidal Francisco Soberón Sanz and Secretary of Foreign Affairs Claudia Ruiz Massieu. His date of birth used to be a point of contention prior to 2019, when his lover Lucero Guadalupe Sánchez López testified in court and confirmed Guzmán's date of birth. With his business expanding, he placed his trusted friend Ignacio Coronel Villarreal in charge of methamphetamine production; this way Guzmán could continue being the boss of bosses. [51] The death of Camarena outraged Washington, and Mexico responded by carrying out a massive manhunt to arrest those involved in the incident. In one of the rooms was Guzmán, lying in bed with his wife (former beauty queen Emma Coronel Aispuro). Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera, også kendt som "El Chapo" (født den 4. marts 1954), er leder af det internationale narkotika-kartel 'Alianza de Sangre', også kendt som Sinaloa-kartellet.Han er en af de mægtigste narkotikabaroner i Mexico og formentlig i hele verden. Joaquín tiene 5 empleos en su perfil. [209][210], On 13 July 2015, Osorio Chong met with members of the cabinet that specialize in security and law enforcement intelligence to discuss the escape of Guzmán, and scheduled a press conference that day. The Attorney General of México declared that "El Chapo ran away through a gully and, although he was found by a helicopter, he was with two women and a girl and it was decided not to shoot". [87] The Beltrán Leyva brothers ordered the assassination of Guzmán's son, Édgar Guzmán López, on 8 May 2008, in Culiacán, which brought massive retaliation from Guzmán. By using the so-called piecemeal strategy, in which traffickers kept drug quantities relatively low, risks were reduced.